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Millennium Development Goals

The Goals

 

In 2001, in response to the world leaders' request, UN Secretary General presented the Road Map towards the implementation of the United Nations Millennium Declaration, an integrated and comprehensive overview of the situation, outlining potential strategies for action designed to meet the goals and commitments of the Millennium Declaration.

News on MDGs

Point-of-view: MDGs in Sri Lanka
25 August 09
Dr. Abeyratne, Senior Programme Analyst, discusses the advances in the Millennium Development Goals made by the country, some of the challenges that still remain and UNDP's role in promoting the goals in the coming months.

The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are eight goals to be achieved by 2015 that respond to the world's main development challenges. The MDGs are drawn from the actions and targets contained in the Millennium Declaration that was adopted by 189 nations-and signed by 147 heads of state and governments during the UN Millennium Summit in September 2000.

The eight Millennium Development Goals
Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Goal 1:
Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
Achieve universal primary education Goal 2:
Achieve universal primary education
Promote gender equality and empower women Goal 3:
Promote gender equality and empower women
 Reduce child mortality Goal 4:
 Reduce child mortality
Improve maternal health Goal 5:
Improve maternal health
Goal 01 Goal 6:
Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
Goal 01 Goal 7:
Ensure environmental sustainability
Goal 01 Goal 8:
Develop a Global Partnership for Development

The eight Millennium Development Goals have been further sub-divided into targets and indicators to better measure the progress in each category.

Goal 01 Goal 1:
Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
Target 1A:
Reduce by half the proportion of people living on less than a dollar a day
  • 1.1 Proportion of population below $1 (PPP) per day ((In Sri Lanka, the poverty line has been set lower. A person is considered poor if she lives on less than Rs. 2,240 per month.)
  • 1.2 Poverty gap ratio
  • 1.3 Share of poorest quintile in national consumption
Target 1B:
Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people
  • 1.4 Growth rate of GDP per person employed
  • 1.5 Employment-to-population ratio
  • 1.6 Proportion of employed people living below $1 (PPP) per day
  • 1.7 Proportion of own-account and contributing family workers in total employment
Target 1C:
Reduce by half the proportion of people who suffer from hunger
  • 1.8 Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age
  • 1.9 Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption
Goal 01 Goal2:
Achieve universal primary education
Target 2A:
Ensure that all boys and girls complete a full course of primary schooling
  • 2.1 Net enrolment ratio in primary education
  • 2.2 Proportion of pupils starting grade 1 who reach last grade of primary
  • 2.3 Literacy rate of 15-24 year-olds, women and men
Goal 01 Goal3:
Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women
Target 3A:
Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education preferably by 2005, and at all levels by 2015
  • 3.1 Ratios of girls to boys in primary, secondary and tertiary education
  • 3.2 Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sector
  • 3.3 Proportion of seats held by women in national parliament
Goal 01 Goal4:
Reduce child mortality
Target 4A:
Reduce by two thirds the mortality rate among children under five
  • 4.1 Under-five mortality rate
  • 4.2 Infant mortality rate
  • 4.3 Proportion of 1 year-old children immunized against measles
Goal 01 Goal5:
Improve maternal health
Target 5A:
Reduce by three quarters the maternal mortality ratio
  • 5.1 Maternal mortality ratio
  • 5.2 Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel
Target 5B:
Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive health
  • 5.3 Contraceptive prevalence rate
  • 5.4 Adolescent birth rate
  • 5.5 Antenatal care coverage (at least one visit and at least four visits)
  • 5.6 Unmet need for family planning
Goal 01 Goal 6:
Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases
Target 6A:
Halt and begin to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS
  • 6.1 HIV prevalence among population aged 15-24 years
  • 6.2 Condom use at last high-risk sex
  • 6.3 Proportion of population aged 15-24 years with comprehensive correct knowledge of HIV/AIDS
  • 6.4 Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school attendance of non-orphans aged 10-14 years
Target 6B:
Achieve, by 2010, universal access to treatment for HIV/AIDS for all those who need it
  • 5.5 Proportion of population with advanced HIV infection with access to antiretroviral drugs
Target 6C:
Halt and begin to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases
  • 6.6 Incidence and death rates associated with malaria
  • 6.7 Proportion of children under 5 sleeping under insecticide-treated bed nets
  • 6.8 Proportion of children under 5 with fever who are treated with appropriate anti-malarial drugs
  • 6.9 Incidence, prevalence and death rates associated with tuberculosis
  • 6.10 Proportion of tuberculosis cases detected and cured under directly observed treatment short course
Goal 01 Goal 7:
Ensure environmental sustainability
Target 7A:
Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programmes; reverse loss of environmental resources
Target 7B:
Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010, a significant reduction in the rate of loss
  • 7.1 Proportion of land area covered by forest
  • 7.2 CO2 emissions, total, per capita and per $1 GDP (PPP)
  • 7.3 Consumption of ozone-depleting substances
  • 7.4 Proportion of fish stocks within safe biological limits
  • 7.5 Proportion of total water resources used
  • 7.6 Proportion of terrestrial and marine areas protected
  • 7.7 Proportion of species threatened with extinction
Target 7C:
Reduce by half the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation
  • 7.8 Proportion of population using an improved drinking water source
  • 7.9 Proportion of population using an improved sanitation facility
Target 7D:
Achieve significant improvement in lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers, by 2020
Goal 01 Goal 8:
Develop a global partnership for development
Target 8A:
Develop further an open, rule-based, predictable, non-discriminatory trading and financial system Includes a commitment to good governance, development and poverty reduction – both nationally and internationally
Target 8B:
Address the special needs of the least developed countries Includes: tariff and quota free access for the least developed countries' exports; enhanced programme of debt relief for heavily indebted poor countries (HIPC) and cancellation of official bilateral debt; and more generous ODA for countries committed to poverty reduction
Target 8C:
Address the special needs of landlocked developing countries and small island developing States (through the Programme of Action for the Sustainable Development of Small Island Developing States and the outcome of the twenty-second special session of the General Assembly)
Target 8D:
Deal comprehensively with the debt problems of developing countries through national and international measures in order to make debt sustainable in the long term

Some of the indicators listed below are monitored separately for the least developed countries (LDCs), Africa, landlocked developing countries and small island developing States. Official development assistance (ODA)
  • 8.1 Net ODA, total and to the least developed countries, as percentage of OECD/DAC donors’ gross national income
  • 8.2 Proportion of total bilateral, sector-allocable ODA of OECD/DAC donors to basic social services (basic education, primary health care, nutrition, safe water and sanitation)
  • 8.3 Proportion of bilateral official development assistance of OECD/DAC donors that is untied
  • 8.4 ODA received in landlocked developing countries as a proportion of their gross national incomes
  • 8.5 ODA received in small island developing States as a proportion of their gross national incomes
Market access
  • 8.6 Proportion of total developed country imports (by value and excluding arms) from developing countries and least developed countries, admitted free of duty
  • 8.7 Average tariffs imposed by developed countries on agricultural products and textiles and clothing from developing countries
  • 8.8 Agricultural support estimate for OECD countries as a percentage of their gross domestic product
  • 8.9 Proportion of ODA provided to help build trade capacity
Debt sustainability
  • 8.10 Total number of countries that have reached their HIPC decision points and number that have reached their HIPC completion points (cumulative)
  • 8.11 Debt relief committed under HIPC and MDRI Initiatives
  • 8.12 Debt service as a percentage of exports of goods and services
Target 8E:
In cooperation with pharmaceutical companies, provide access to affordable essential drugs in developing countries
  • 8.13 Proportion of population with access to affordable essential drugs on a sustainable basis
Target 8F:
In cooperation with the private sector, make available the benefits of new technologies, especially information and communications
  • 8.14 Telephone lines per 100 population
  • 8.15 Cellular subscribers per 100 population
  • 8.16 Internet users per 100 population

*credit UNDP Brazil
See Also
The Role of UNDP
  • UNDP worls with a range of partners to create an enabling environment for the achievement of the targets. It helps develop capacity at both the national and local levels so that communities can achieve self-reliance and work towards attaining the goals. UNDP controbutes to the MDGs through: Advocacy, Sharing of best practices, monitoring and reporting progress and localizing the MDGs.In Sri Lanka UNDP has always endeavoured to be a reliable partner of the Government in achieving the Millennium Development Goals. UNDP provides support to the Ministry of Finance and Planning in building capacity both at the national and local level. UNDP helps the Ministry in advocacy, formulation of pro-poor policies and in monitoring the MDGs. UNDP also works closely with the Ministry of Public Administration and Home Affairs and the Minnistry of Provincial Councils to make the goals relevant to the local context.
Important links on MDGs
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